Biodiversity at Risk Due to Urbanization Free Essays

Ranger service â€Å"Indo-Burma Forests† Forests, the absolute most basic biological systems on the planet, house around forty to seventy-five percent all plants and creatures comprehensively. Tragically, the measure of biodiversity in backwoods is seriously in danger because of the expanding deforestation in the course of recent decades. It is evaluated in the natural network that around 50,000 species are totally cleared out every year because of discretion, land freedom, logging, and other human methods. We will compose a custom exposition test on Biodiversity at Risk Due to Urbanization or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now Dry. Edward Wilson, a Harvard educator, predicts that half of all of earth’s species could be wiped out in around 50 years, except if the deforestation rate diminishes. In 2011, Conservation International (otherwise called C’) directed an investigation of the best ten most imperiled woods on the planet (half of them found Asia-Pacific Region). Of the ten, the Indo-Burma woods were considered the main most imperiled timberland. Including roughly 2,373,000 km, the timberlands spreads from eastern India to Southern china. The Indo-Burma woods are viewed as one of 34 â€Å"biodiversity hotshots,† a term instituted y Norman Myers (a British scholar), which is a biographic scene portrayed by exceptional degrees of territory misfortune and plant endemics. More than ninety-five percent of the region’s timberlands have been demolished, which leaves just around five percent of the first woods region despite everything standing; in this manner, the Indo-Burma backwoods are the most defenseless woodlands comprehensively. The Indo-Burma timberlands are situated amidst floodplains, lakes, and waterways. These different conduits radiate life and thriving, permitting extravagance in biodiversity just as assets. This locale is home goodness number of the biggest freshwater fish, winged creature, and turtle species. There is additionally, a combination of biological systems exemplified in this superstar, involving dry evergreen, wet evergreen, and deciduous timberlands. There are likewise a few patches of forests and scrubbings on karts limestone edges, some in costal terrains just as scattered heath woodlands. Moreover, an expansive scope of particular, limited vegetation advancements, including occasionally overwhelmed fields, marsh floodplain bogs, and mangroves. This immense natural decent variety is a consequence of geological cooperation, soil authorities, environmental change, and occasional precipitation designs. The plant species are richly different with 13,500 vascular plants evaluated with half of them being endemic. The greenery of timberlands go from an assortment of ginger and orchids (more than 1,000 diverse orchid species found in Thailand alone) to tropical hardwood trees including Disintegrations (teak) and Dipterous (which happens to be industrially important). The creature species are significantly progressively across the board as Indo-Burma is ceaselessly exposing organic fortunes. Over the most recent twelve years, [the following] six age warm blooded creatures have been found: The Salsa, the Inmate Mountain, the Large-Antlered Mountain, the Leaf Deer, the Gray Swanked Doug, and the Inmate Rabbit. There are roughly 430 warm blooded animal species living in the area; more than seventy species and seven sorts are endemic. More than 280 land and water proficient species are found in the superstar, however there isn't significant level of endemics outside of the variety level. The district has vital freshwater fish animals; there are more than 1,260 perceived species (about 10% of the world’s complete freshwater fish). There are in excess of 1,260 winged creature species with more than 60 being endemic. The floodplain wetlands and the waterways are significant for flying creature species preservation since populace numbers have declined because of human development and chasing. The reptile populace is one of the more predominant types of the area. Very nearly 520 types of reptile live there which in excess of 200 species being endemic and twelve genera. This Indo-Burma superstar conveys maybe the biggest arrangement of freshwater turtles comprehensively; there are actually 53 species (57 including tortoises), connoting 20% of the world’s species. A mainstream animal groups is the Chitchatted, a striped thin headed turtle with a delicate shell, which can grow up to around 120 centimeters. These species are diminishes in number too, for the most part because of the overexploitation in the interest of natural life exchange. Of the 22 non-marine turtle species that are imperiled, practically 50% of them are found in the Indo-Burma area. Other noticeable reptiles incorporate the Ellipsis butterfly reptile, the Chinese crocodile reptile, and the Siamese crocodile. People have incredibly affected life for the creatures, in any case, and the general condition. Indo-Burma was really one of the essential terrains utilized by people in the advancement of horticulture; Hereford, fire has been utilized increasingly more throughout the years to get out land expected to fit agrarian needs and other human requests. As interest for rural products has soar over the previous years because of populace and market development, backwoods decimation got far reaching. Immense territories of swamp woodlands before long became supplanted with tree ranches (oil palm, teak, and elastic), while slope backwoods and Montana were compromised by sugarcane, espresso, tea, and vegetable harvest estates. Notwithstanding estates, backwoods become imperiled by digging for minerals and diamonds, kindling assortment, charcoal creation, and logging. The marine environment all the while became under extraordinary tension in numerous territories because of improvement. Depleting for the development of wet rice has harmed freshwater wetlands and floodplain swamps (predominantly in Vietnam, Thailand, and Manner). The damming of waterways have additionally gotten far increasingly common in endeavors to create power and amplify water stockpiling to help the financial development of the nation just as for exportation of products and enterprises to circumscribing nations to increment remote trade pay; lamentably, damming a stream not just proselytes that little collection of eater into a huge lake, yet it diminishes the oxygen substance and generally speaking temperature, just as in intensifies water turbidity down the stream and stream bed disintegration. The operational proportions of the repository has brought about irregular or successive flooding of shoals, stretches of channel arrangement, shoals, and other domain that is commonly revealed during dry season [severely affecting turtle species and settling birds]. Mangroves in the area have been changed to aquaculture lakes, while mudflats have been thoroughly afforested with mangrove or shed by heaps of nets, which extraordinarily impacts their criticalness as a taking care of living space for moving winged creatures and other example. Moreover, environments of sand rises are in serious peril because of forestation, and overloading alongside unnecessary utilization of [destructive] fishing strategies have delivered an impressive issue with both the seaward and beach front sea-going biological systems. Being that solitary 5% of common living spaces are left in an immaculate state and 10%-25% of harmed land because of territory misfortune and abuse of assets, something must be done to diminish the likelihood of omelet termination of the woodlands. In the Indo-Burma superstar, ensured territory structures have become the establishment of government preservation program. There is formally 236,000 km of land ensured, speaking to about 10% of the first measure of vegetation in the locale. Then again, just 132,000 km (right around six percent) is in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (CNN) secured region classes one to four. Together, the nations of Lower Mekong (Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Ala P. D. R. ) have over 13 percent f their region contained by a game plan of secured territories. A fine way to deal with guaranteeing that the arrangement of ensured zones adequately protects delegate biodiversity is by making sure about the species that face the most serious risk of annihilation comprehensively. Imperiled species overall are protected best by focusing on conservation venture to the locales in which they are predominant; these zones are known as â€Å"key biodiversity areas† (Kbps). More endeavors towards the preservation of the Indo-Burma woodlands are right now really taking shape and there are numerous associations and people that are anxious to contribute. The most effective method to refer to Biodiversity at Risk Due to Urbanization, Papers

Application of Management Theories

Utilization of Management Theories Dynamic Most effective enterprises have applied either representative strengthening hypothesis or the infiltration evaluating hypothesis. A blend of the two hypotheses may likewise upgrade showcase execution of some random enterprise. In any case, strengthening hypothesis encourages a culture of employees’ commitment by permitting them to take an interest and add to the dynamic processes.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Application of Management Theories explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The utilization of this hypothesis empowers an association to find the full cooperative energy and intensity of its workers as respects to issue discovery, tackling close by better help conveyances. Conversely, the infiltration estimating hypothesis may assist an organization with evading market rivalry. It tends to be applied when an organization needs to work in any event cost conceivable while setting the most reduced item costs. Presentation Various s peculations have been applied during dynamic procedures. The notice anyway features the uses of the worker strengthening and infiltration evaluating hypotheses as noted in human asset and advertising zones separately. Moving towards workforce strengthening society Workforce strengthening ended up being a corporate catchphrase in mid nineties and the corporate press accord esteemed it to be a respectable thing. During this periods, the standard view considered workforces to be replaceable articles in companies, people who should be very much prepared to execute all around characterized and slender undertakings just as individuals who ought to be continually administered and observed without fail (Rehkopf, 2009). With the approach of employees’ strengthening society, there has been the necessitation that even the complex and progressively taught representatives have the desire of contributing in their work environments and to the businesses. Essentially, employees’ stren gthening in basic term infers the undeniable sidekicks in quest for top notch levels and better administrations. Engaged representatives are constantly urged to decide, think and take individual activities based on the characterized corporate rules (Rehkopf, 2009). The hierarchical administration should consequently perceive representative capacities and offer the imperative power and apparatuses which empowers them to unendingly propel their exhibitions. The administration is accused of duty of expressing its desires as respects to the acknowledgment and tackling of the issues through enabling the workers to so.Advertising Looking for exposition on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A viable case of strengthening Very scarcely any enterprises really grasp the employees’ strengthening idea. Truth be told, enterprises that receive this idea have understood the enormous cooperative energy and forc e which could be discharged when workforces are permitted to completely take an interest in the expected tasks. A down to earth model where the idea of employees’ strengthening society was broadly grasped is Ritz-Carlton Hotel. Rather than minimizing its representatives by neglecting to hear them out and declining to have them contribute in the lodging dynamic procedures, Ritz-Carlton Hotel does precisely the inverse. Representative strengthening isn't simply utilized in guests’ fulfillment, however it is somewhat proposed to crown them fanciful administrations (Hardina, 2007). Each representative at Ritz-Carlton Hotel gets an opportunity to add to the dynamic procedure and they have the order from the pioneers to act in like manner. How the worker strengthening idea achieve explicit activities Initially, Ritz-Carlton Hotel didn't connect with its workforce in the constant procedure improvement and in the advancement of work forms. It was in this way extremely hard to check how the imperative help conveyances to accomplices could be made. There was similarly laxity and non-duty in favor of representatives as respects to support conveyances and objective accomplishments. The resolve and inspiration in the establishment was very low while the representatives were less stimulated by inability to include them in the dynamic procedures. The representatives in this way felt like they were not perceived nor were they esteemed piece of the association. In this manner, they came up short on the full feeling of innovative duty (Rehkopf, 2009). The hypothesis of worker strengthening requires that every representative inside the association should thoroughly detect the dedication of the association to such a strengthening. Just saying that the workforce is engaged is really not genuine. Actually, the administration and all pioneers found at various levels should act by evading the negligible talks. This hypothesis necessitates that the administration should understand that workforce strengthening isn't care for the otherworldly endowments that laborers get from the administration. The pioneers have the duty of building up a crucial air and condition where the workforce feels the genuine strengthening (Ryan, 1998). They ought to have an inclination that they are encouraged in the dynamic procedure and must know about the administration sponsorship and backing. Results accomplished by rehearsing representative strengthening hypothesis After the hypothesis was executed at Ritz-Carlton Hotel, the workers released their true abilities as respects to support conveyance and therefore took part in all the enterprising tasks. They supported the lodging the executives in distinguishing and taking care of the rising issues other than giving visitors incredible services.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Application of Management Theories explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The workers felt like they had more n oteworthy stakes in the inn and completely stayed faithful and responsible to their expected undertakings. In reality, they compared their particular triumphs and reason with those of the inn. There were out of this world resolve and inspirations in the inn without inconsistent battles and contrivances by the administration (Rehkopf, 2009). The representatives were enthusiastic about individual laborers and administration conveyances to visitors. What I could have done another way As a rehearsing administrator, I could have sought to know the workers by their names, share my time with them, treat them like grown-ups and actually search for their government assistance. Generally significant, I could have imparted to them my dreams and objectives for the inn by altogether and every now and again speaking with them. Data and rules for enabled practices could likewise have been made accessible to every specialist. Laborers who achieve past desires could have been compensated while any e xuding part issues could have been in a split second settled. Consequently, the workers could have been made and package of the inn. Another hypothesis that could be utilized in dynamic is the self-assurance hypothesis. In view of this hypothesis, laborers have both outer and inside saw locus of territory which causes them to feel that any power starts and supports their activities. Such powers may thusly cause inspiration. Infiltration estimating hypothesis This idea has been generally utilized by most new market participants when they target winning customers and subsequently collecting bigger pieces of the overall industry from their rivalries. The hypothesis gets from the interest value responsiveness by accepting that customers will consistently move to the novel brands and items whose costs are apparently low. The supposition that will be that given brand dependability has been grown, at that point the set costs may be raised continuously to achieve the prevailing business sec tor cost. In the event that costs are low, at that point the fundamental altruism will be produced and thus organizations will be equipped for holding unto their customers other than increasing other decidedly alluded clients (Baker, 2006). A commonsense utilization of infiltration evaluating There are various issues that are tended to by means of applying this hypothesis. As detailed in the media, this hypothesis has been broadly applied by Wal-Mart Corporation. The organization accepted that when more significant expenses are charged on products, advertise contenders will in the long run beat it by decreasing their costs. Since recognizable and particular costs portion are inexistent in the market while value versatile interest are displayed, bigger items market will allow rivalry happen. Costs will in the end diminish in this way allowing ensuing value climbs which will operationally counterbalance the starter low costs (Hardina, 2007). Wal-Mart applied this hypothesis by setting low costs to enable its customers to set aside cash and live better lives. The organization did this by offering lovely shopping experience, ensuring fulfillment, setting the least potential costs, giving educated understanding and an assortment of value items. It was because of value enmity and market rivalry that Wal-Mart picked to receive this theory.Advertising Searching for exposition on business financial matters? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More How infiltration valuing idea achieve explicit activities The hypothesis of entrance estimating encourages clients to perceive one another. Any organization that draws on infiltration valuing has a superior potential for success of countering the competitors’ activities and has uncommon situating systems. For example, Wal-Mart applied this hypothesis in its business tasks and the enterprise has gotten the opportunity to use economies of scale. Economies of scale thusly helped the organization to deliver various merchandise in any event cost conceivable. The final product is a decrease on the charged costs, evasion of market rivalry and turning into a market chief (Winninger, 1994). Results accomplished by utilizing entrance estimating hypothesis When Wal-Mart applied this idea, it made a positive impression which made customers to accept that the enterprise genuinely gives the most reduced valued items. The made I

Economic Impact of Affordable Care Act free essay sample

Effect of the Affordable Care Act† The present social insurance framework over weights the economy and is excessively expensive in contrast with the medical advantages it conveys. The United States spends around 50 percent more on social insurance than some other created nation (as a small amount of our absolute national economy) and we get less for it on what makes a difference. The human capital required to get these administrations leaves numerous Americans managing without or not accepting the clinical treatment required. The Affordable Care Act might be the most dubious enactment in the cutting edge period. It is promoted as human services extension to around thirty million additional Americans. The ACA is additionally intended to get rid of a portion of the unreasonable components of the present framework. Wellbeing guarantors presently can deny individuals inclusion for â€Å"pre-existing conditions† which makes cash based expenses far off for most Americans. Similarly as with any bit of government lawmaking, the ACA was the result of political trade off among gatherings and interests. (Turner) However, the ACA should assist with improving the GDP over the long haul. In the transient time frame, the expansion in financial security for American families will likewise mean an expansion in buyer spending. Numerous uninsured shoppers are compelled to put aside cash in low premium fluid records to ensure they have enough to take care of surprising clinical expenses. With the security gave by medical coverage, they can let loose that cash for utilization that is considerably more significant to them. At the point when the government extended Medicaid during the 1990s, the recently safeguarded altogether expanded their spending on purchaser merchandise. (Brodwin) More acquisition of purchaser products will give short-run incitement to the economy and all the more recruiting. Adversaries of the demonstration have countered this hypothesis saying it will freeze recruiting in certain enterprises. A few businesses may oppose employing new laborers, at any rate mostly to stay away from the significant expenses of the laws ordered wellbeing inclusion. The wellbeing law will require all businesses with in excess of 50 specialists to give medical coverage or pay a fine of $2,000 to $3,000 per laborer consistently. (Yoo) These additional expenses could bring about organizations losing the cash expected to develop their organizations and recruit new specialists. It is expected that private venture, for the most part the countries most vigorous employment makers, will be hit hardest and many state the prerequisite would clear out their benefits. It is asserted that the â€Å"slow down† in employing has as of now start inâ anticipation of the ACA. The complete expense for medicinal services in the US is around 16 percent of Gross Domestic Product, known as GDP. What we pay to specialists and insurance agencies legitimately are remembered for this, just as what we pay by implic ation to Medicare and different projects. 16 pennies of each dollar spent on staple goods or garments that will go to human services. This is high in contrast with most other created nations that pay between 9-12 percent of GDP. The distinction in GDP is just about 5 percent, which works out to be the greater part the yearly government shortfall. The greatest dread related to the Affordable Care Act is likely about the financing and â€Å"job-executing taxes†. There are three essential sources that the law applies new charges to. The first is on parts of the human services industry like clinical gadgets, pharmaceuticals, and protection. (Turner) These territories that are accepting another assessment are being solicited to â€Å"kick back† some from the recently made income came about because of an expansion in paying clients gave by the law. These divisions should profit on net in a huge manner. The second is an expansion of the Medicare charge on the wealthiest Americans, those with wages above $250,000 every year. The effect of assessment changes on the most elevated salary citizens will evade a portion of those charges by re-sorting their wages in manners that limit charges. There is nothing that proposes that the privileged will really work less, contribute less, or do anything which lessens their â€Å"real contribution† to the economy. The third significant assessment arrangement is a â€Å"free rider penalty† of $2000 to $3000 (per representative) on medium and huge organizations that neglect to give laborers reasonable inclusion, driving those laborers to get sponsored protection through the new protection trades. This will to be sure force another budgetary weight on organizations that, in contrast to contenders, don't pay a considerable amount of medical coverage costs. Be that as it may, the general effect is probably going to be little. Just 2. 6 percent of organizations will pay this appraisal, and the income raised will add up to 1. 4 percent of existing spending on medical coverage in the U. S. also, just 0. 1 percent of wages. ( Turner) The ACA should raise work numbers for the clinical business in the short run, more than any halfway balances from new charges on that division. The ACA ought to improve the working of our work showcase in the medium run, by permitting laborers to move to the situations in which they are generally gainful and fulfilled unafraid of occupation lock or losing medical advantages. The â€Å"economic slowdown† from charges on the high society or the little value installments forced on businesses ought to be insignificant. Over the long haul there is a decent possibility the economy will improve by controlling social insurance cost. The decision between ensuring our most helpless residents and improving our economy is a bogus one. The ACA ought to do both. Works Cited Brodwin, David. How the Affordable Care Act Helps the U. S. Economy. US News. U. S. News amp; World Report, 29 Mar. 2012. Web. 03 Mar. 2013. Turner, Grace M. Proamp;Con: Affordable Care Act Will Impose New Burdens on Consumers, Businesses. SouthCoastToday. com. N. p. , 02 Mar. 2013. Web. 03 Mar. 2013. Yoo, Saerom. Mid-Valley Social Services. MidValley Social Services Economic Effect of Medicaid Expansion under Affordable Care Act Comments. N. p. , 07 Feb. 2013. Web. 03 Mar. 2013.

Marketing Orientation in Telecommunication Company Essay

Promoting Orientation in Telecommunication Company - Essay Example A profound investigation of the organization has been made inside this report. Additionally dependent on the investigation of the organization and its rivals, proposals have been set out for the administration. The arrangement that has been set down which incorporates the advantages that Etisalat can pick up from the suggestion of beginning an online business site. This investigation has been founded on an optional research. The data gathered is for the most part from the optional sources, which incorporate different sources, examines, articles, papers, and sites. Optional information alludes to data distributed by others and which is as of now available1. It is additionally information gathered by others as opposed to the scientist who is completing the study2. There has been a through research led to increase all the data of this Etisalat. Extraordinary consideration has been taken while picking the sources from the Internet and it has been guaranteed that the works looked over the Internet are from distributed journalists. As Berry alludes to the Internet in his books, â€Å"an open way to garbage to show up, and one method of minding this is thinking about the author†3. The telecom business of the Middle Eastern nations has seen a ceaseless development. A gauge by Informa Telecoms and Media shows that the year 2009 will keep on observing a consistent development, with practically 28.68 million net considerations into the versatile market this year. The market is exceptionally wide and has the same number of as just about 250 million versatile supporters and is relied upon to reach as high as 250.79 million before the finish of 20094. Etisalat is one of the most established telecom suppliers in UAE. It is going by Mohammad Al Qamzi, the CEO. The organization was consolidated in 1976 and has become a piece of the Financial Times Top 500 Corporation. As far as the capitalization and incomes, this organization remains on the sixth situation in the Middle East.â

Abandoned People in Of Mice and Men Essay Example

Relinquished People in Of Mice and Men Essay Example Relinquished People in Of Mice and Men Essay Relinquished People in Of Mice and Men Essay Paper Topic: Of Mice and Men Steinbeck had just shown a variety of the friendless presence of the farmhands with the more typical mentality towards George, Lennie, and Candy. In Chapter Four, this differentiation turns out to be progressively articulated. Evildoers, Candy, and Lennie being the three intellectually or genuinely distraught â€Å"outcasts† on the ranch talk about their fantasy about carrying on with a predominant way of life. There is by all accounts a solid connection to communism, which presents perspectives on preference, opportunity, and bigotry. Curley’s spouse is reintroduced also, disregarding them four together. These characters are comparable in the manner they are confined from society as a result of their disability. Hooligans is truly incapacitated because of his skin shading. Since he isn't white he is viewed as frail and uncouth. He doesn't have a legitimate room and is stuck in a horse shelter without anyone else each and every day. To add to that, Candy is additionally truly impaired. He can't do certain things due to his missing hand and doesn't feel required on the ranch. His canine was his solitary friend, yet he loses him and has nobody else to depend on. Curley’s spouse is socially impaired. She is seen as a tramp in view of her sex. There are no other ladies for her to converse with, and that makes her look for consideration. To wrap things up, Lennie is intellectually debilitated. He can't have an independent mind and can't process essential ideas. To summarize it, every one of them have a type of debilitation, regardless of whether it be intellectually, genuinely, or s ocially. In spite of the fact that they are certainly comparable, they are likewise exceedingly extraordinary. For example, Crooks is the main character who is forgotten about every day. He can't go anyplace without cruel words being tossed at him or feeling despised totally. Then again, Lennie is taunted basically in view of his dysfunctional behavior. In any event he has somebody to take care of him, which is George. He can end up in a good place, yet individuals want to make their own diversion from pushing howdy

Aztec Religion and Gods of the Ancient Mexica

Aztec Religion and Gods of the Ancient Mexica The Aztec religion was comprised of a mind boggling allowance of faith based expectations, ceremonies and divine beings that helped the Aztec/Mexica to comprehend their universes physical reality, and the presence of life and passing. The Aztecs put stock in a various divinity universe, with various divine beings who ruled over various parts of Aztec society, serving and reacting to Aztec explicit requirements. That structure was profoundly established in a far reaching Mesoamerican convention in which ideas of the universe, world, and nature were shared across the vast majority of the ancient social orders in the southern third of North America. When all is said in done, the Aztecs saw the world as partitioned into and adjusted by a progression of restricting states, parallel resistances, for example, hot and cool, dry and wet, day and night, light and dull. The job of people was to keep up this parity by rehearsing fitting functions and forfeits. The Aztec Universe The Aztecs accepted that the universe was partitioned into three sections: the sky over, the world wherein they lived, and the black market. The world, called Tlaltipac, was imagined as a circle situated known to man. The three levels, paradise, world, and black market, were associated through a focal pivot, or hub mundi. For the Mexica, this focal hub was spoken to on earth by the Templo Mayor, the Main Temple situated at the focal point of the sacrosanct area of Mexico-Tenochtitlan. The Multiple Diety UniverseThe Aztec Heaven and black market were additionally considered as isolated into various levels, individually thirteen and nine, and each of these was neglected by a different god. Every human movement, just as the common components, had their own benefactor god who disregarded distinctive part of human life: labor, trade, agribusiness, just as the regular cycles, scene highlights, downpour, and so on. The significance of interfacing and controlling the patterns of nature, for example, the sun and moon cycles, with human exercises, brought about the utilization, in the dish Mesoamerican convention of advanced schedules which were counseled by clerics and experts. Aztec Gods The conspicuous Aztec researcher Henry B. Nicholson characterized the various Aztec divine beings in three gatherings: heavenly and maker gods, lords of richness, agribusiness and water and gods of war and forfeits. Snap on the connections to learn a greater amount of every one of the primary divine beings and goddesses. Divine and Creator Gods Xiuhtecuhtli-Huehueteotl (Old Man, the pattern of seasons)Tezcatlipoca (Smoking Mirror, divine force of night and sorcery)Quetzalcoatl (the god/legend, the once and future lord figure) Divine forces of Water, Fertility, and Agriculture Tlaloc (downpour god)Chalchiutlicue (She of the Jade Skirt, childbirth)Centeotl (Maize Cob Lord, maize)Xipe Totec Lord with the Flayed Skin, richness) Divine forces of War and Sacrifice Tonatiuh (Aztec sun god)Huitzilopochtli (war god, supporter divine force of Tenochtitlan)Tlaltecuhtli (earth goddess) Sources AA.VV, 2008, La Religiã ³n Mexica, Arqueologã ­a Mexicana, vol. 16, num. 91 Nicholson, Henry B., 1971, Religion in Pre-Hispanic Central Mexico, en Robert Wauchope (ed.), Handbook of Middle American Indians, University of Texas Press, Austin, Vol. 10, pp 395-446. Smith Michael, 2003, The Aztecs, Second Edition, Blackwell Publishing Van Tuerenhout Dirk R., 2005, The Aztecs. New Perspectives, ABC-CLIO Inc. Santa Clause Barbara, CA; Denver, CO and Oxford, England.

The Salem Witch Trials In U.S History - Free Essay Example

The Salem Witch Trials The Salem Witch Trials took place within 1692-1693, in Salem, Massachusetts. During the 17th century, witches were accused of having had sold their soul to Satan in exchange to perform magical deeds, this is where people believed witches got their abilities from. These years were some of the most catastrophic and infamous events taken place in American History. Innocent individuals were accused of committing witchcraft, including some of the villages most prominent figures. in which the punishment resulted by getting executed, and in one case, a gentleman names Giles Corey was pressed with a pile of stones after he refused to enter a plea in his arrangement which resulted in death. During this time period, mostly women were blamed and were put on trial, if found guilty. This was lead by a group of young afflicted girls in the town on Salem who cried out names of Salems most notable figures. These young girls had gotten incredibly sick, uncontrollable convulsions, violent contortion, Outbursts of screaming, and really high fever. Therefore, they had the local doctor, William Griggs come and see what was wrong, and what he diagnosed these young girls with was bewitchment, meaning that someone has put some sort of black magic in the individual. Which was a real diagnosis back in the day. Additionally, there were fears about religious extremities as many people distinguished witchcraft as being counterproductive. Majority of the Puritans believed in witchcraft as a way to harm others, and they further believed that the witchcraft was an entering partnership with the devil in exchange for diabolical capabilities. As a result, this accumulated into conflicts with the church members. At the time, practicing witchcraft was considered a severe crime and was often punished with serious consequences. These trials came to commonly be referred to as the Salem Witch Trials because some of the most famous cases were heard in the Terminer courts in Salem. Furthermore, after many deaths, the Boston minister spoke out against the trials. He stated, It were better if 10 suspected witches should escape than one innocent person should be condemned. and this was a huge statement. Afterward, the witch hunt hysteria subsided, most individuals went back to their regular life, including the girls whose accusations had sparked this tragedy. Only one of the girls, Ann Putnam, ever publicly acknowledged her role in the hysteria. In 1706, she stood before the church and the pastor read her statement which read, It was a great delusion of Satan that deceived me at that sad timeI desire to lie in the dust and earnestly beg for forgiveness. but even for those pardoned, life was never the same. Majority would live the remainder of their lives in poverty and sickness, these individuals reputation was forever tarnished. In Addition to that, In my research, I learned more about the kind of punishment people were put through. For example, if an individual was found guilty they were put in a prison basement with a small wooden structure, and chained to a wall, the reason for this kind of punishment was because officials believed this would prevent their spirits from escaping the jail and tormenting victims. This place was identified as The Witch Jail and was described a cold, dark, and a very lonely place to be in. In addition, it is said that women were often told to get naked and undergo physical examinations of their unclothed bodies, and this was a consistent humition woman were put through with no remorse because they were seen as disliked social outcasts. Often, young children were also accused and died young, even dogs; during this time period, 2 dogs were executed because of their questionable engagement in witchcraft. Despite after such a terrible death, the corpses were thrown into shallow gr aves, except for some victims such as Rebecca Nurse, John Proctor, and George Jacobs, they were eventually retrieved by their loved ones and placed in Christian burials. During January 15, 1692, the Puritans acknowledged their shameful behavior and took action in their wrongdoings and held a day of prayer; also known as The Day Of Humiliation this was done to plead with God for mercy and for his forgiveness. Although, it took approximately 250 years to properly apologize for the catastrophic events of 1692. On the 325th event, the city of Salem dedicated a memorial place to memorialize the victims of the Salem witch executions, inscribed with the names of 19 victims. This memorial is located across from the original street where these events took place, it also brings justice for wrongfully accusing the victims in 1692. Furthermore, Salem was also long known for a darkand and currupted time in the past where people turned on each other. Although, its now known as a community where people turn toward each other, Driscoll wrote. Having this site identified marks an important opportunity for Salem, as a city, to come together once again. Additionally, The original home of John Proctor, who was an accused witch and was executed in the community during the witch trials, the home is currently on the market, so people are really interested in obtaining this speific house from the witch trials. Furthermore, The Salem witch trials continue to remain relevant in U.S History because of McCarthyism this was created by an American political guy. He blamed Americans of being spies. He stated, We have spies among us, watching us every day to release our private information to the Russian country. He created chaos and paranoia among the nation. Americans everyday blamed each other for weird occurrences daily. Creating what we still remember as McCarthyism. McCarthyism is based on the Salem Witch Trials. Basically stated the hysteria that was caused at that time. Now because of McCarthyism this same hysteria and paranoia came to haunt us once again. Lastly, by comparing the Salem witch trials into a modern issue, it is important to note that the idea of witchcraft wasnt thought about like it is today, there were a lot of different injustices. Although, one similarity and a recent issue is Religion, the killing of innocent individuals, and freedom. Throughout the years, hysteria has caused a lot of disruption and has brought chaos bringing out the fear in people. To begin with, independence in todays era is more allowable in the United States, individuals are free to do whatever they please, unlike the Salem witch trials, people would always get questioned about their every move and having them in an environment where they had no option.

Should Convicted Felons be hired - 550 Words

Should Convicted Felons be hired? (Other (Not Listed) Sample) Content: Should Convicted Felons be hired?NameClassAffiliationInstructorDateIssues Related to the Employability of Ex-Convicts: An Annotated Bibliography1. Bushway, S.D. (2004). Labor Market Effects of Permitting Employer Access to Criminal History Records. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 20(3), 276-291.In this article, Bushway immerses himself in testing the proposition that groups of persons with high rates of incarceration such as the Latino and African American males receive meagre earnings when the employers are not given the permit to view their history of criminal records. Adopting a plain economic picture, he argues employers lower the wages of their employees when they consider that criminal records influence the productivity of employees. He comments that employers lower the wages of employees or a whole group as a method of reducing the impacts of employing people with a criminal record. To support his argument, he cites from a research done by pager which indicates discrimination based on past criminal records and race. Bushway closes his argument by saying that individuals with past criminal records should not be hired.2. Harris, P.M. Keller, K.S. (2005). Ex-Offenders Need Not Apply. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 21(1), 6-30.In this book, the authors single out direct and indirect obstacles to the hiring of individuals with criminal records. Direct obstacles consist of laws and occupational code licensing demands; indirect obstacles consist of laws that enable employers not to hire jobseekers with past criminal records. Although the authors note that incidents of criminal records alone cannot project the risk of workplace crime by employees with a criminal record, employers prefer not employing people with past criminal records based on their below average productivity and their attitude towards the job they are in.3. Holzer, H.J., Raphael, S. Stoll, M.A. (2003). Employer Demand for Ex-Offenders: Recent Evidence from Los Angeles. Discussion Paper No. 1268-03, Institute for Research on Poverty, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI.This article looks into the hiring behavior of employers toward jobseekers with a past criminal record. The authors did a survey across the whole area of Los Angeles and found out that the drive of hiring individuals is very low among the employers. They also discovered that employers who reported as being willing to employ individuals with criminal records are likely not to do so. The whole study discovered that jobseekers who have been incarcerated in the past are likely not hired as employers prefer individuals without any criminal record.4. The Washington Post. Halperin, Alex. January 16, 2011./wp-dyn/content/article/2011/01/14...

The Causes and Effects of the Crusades Essay - 654 Words

If you ask someone if they ever heard of the Crusades the answer will most likely be yes. Does that mean that they know what the Crusades are? No. Many Jewish people who don’t know much about the Crusades assume it was merely targeted against the Jews and it resulted in the death of countless Jews. Other than that they are oblivious to the true facts. So what were the Crusades? The Crusades were great military missions embarked on by the Christian nations of Europe for the purpose of rescuing the Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the hands of the Moslems. The Crusades were considered Holy Wars (1). Their main target was the Moslems not the Jews, although campaigns were also waged against pagan Slavs, Jews, Russian and Greek orthodox†¦show more content†¦Although Jerusalem was under the control of the Moslems, the Christians were granted a safe passage to visit the Holy city. Then in 1065 the Turks took over Jerusalem. They made a huge massacre against Christian pilgrim s and around three thousand Christians were killed. This angered the Christians greatly. They were overcome with the desire to rescue the Holy Land from the Turks. Their way of doing this was through fighting in Crusades (1). Aside from their need to defend the Holy Land the Christians had a restless, adventurous force to them. Those with their new vows of knighthood were energetic by the spirit of chivalry, and very ready to fight. The Turks were advancing in the east and were threatening to take over Constantinople. The Greek emperor at that time sent letters to the pope asking for assistance against the Turks, and if he doesn’t give help immediately Constantinople will fall into the hands of the Turks (1). The Crusades lasted for around two hundred years, keeping Europe in chaos. There was war, suffering, and millions of casualties. Yet, the Crusades contributed immensely in the history of the progress of civilization in Europe (3). There were many lasting effects of the C rusades. One major effect of the Crusades was an increase in trade and in the economy. During the Crusades, the Crusaders found many luxury goods in the Middle East and brought them back to Europe. This led European merchantsShow MoreRelatedCauses And Effects Of The First Crusade2001 Words   |  9 Pagesnotable, historical crusade has done this and has succeeded, but at a price. There hasn’t been a movement more momentous than the First Crusade. The First Crusade was a pilgrimage turned military expedition to Jerusalem that was sponsored by Pope Urban II at the Council of Clement in November 1095 in the aspiration to set out from the west to the recover the holy city from the hands of the Muslims. The aim of this paper is to examine the causes and effects of the First Crusade. The focus willRead MoreCauses and Effects of the Crusades Essay478 Words   |  2 PagesCauses and Effects of the Crusades Towards 1071 AD, Seldjuk Turks had grown powerful and had started conquering the East. Christians began to find it difficult to reach the holy places during their pilgrimages. The military expeditions planned and fought by western European Christians that began around 1095 AD, are known today as the Holy Wars, or the Crusades. The purpose of these expeditions was to overtake and gain control of the holy land of Jerusalem, from the Muslims. Deus Vult, meaningRead MoreThe cause and effect of the first crusade2351 Words   |  10 PagesAn Examination of the Causes and Success of The First CrusadeReligion has served mankind for thousands of years in our search for meaning and direction. Religion serves as a way of defining our lives and providing a sense of meaning or direction, having done so since the beginning of time. While religion may appear to be a peaceful endeavor, it is an endless source of violence and bloodshed. The duality of religion is accurately portrayed in the Christia n crusades. The crusades of the late antiquityRead MoreDbq on Causes and Effect of the Crusades and Word Wars1133 Words   |  5 Pagescaused the Crusades the World Wars to take place. These wars had different outcomes; both expected unexpected ones. Seljuk turks (Muslims) invaded the Byzantine Empire conquered Palestine. The Byzantine Emperor asked pope Urban 2 to help chase the Muslims out get back the Holy Land (Palestine) in the year 1095. The Pope agreed, making a speech in the Council of Clemont calling all Christians too join in a Crusade. A Crusade is a military journey for a religious cause. The first Crusade startedRead More History Essay1735 Words   |  7 Pagescreated manors. The serfs had originally paid allegiance to the lords as they protected them and gathered land and wealth. One short-term effect of manorialism was that it gave the peasants who worked the field better working conditions than the slaves had received in earlier Roman estates. The serfs had more control over their lives. Some of the long-term effects of manorialism were an increase in the quality of all living conditions, chivalry, and better treatment of women. As farming conditionsRead MoreThe Crusades And Its Effects On History1307 Words   |  6 Pagesmedieval battles are known to history as the Crusades. These crusades were each led by different people. The eight Crusades occurred from 1095-1270. The first Crusade being in 1095-1101, the second from 1145-1147, the third from 1188-1192, the fourth in 1204, the fifth in 1217, sixth from 1228-1229, the seventh from 1249-1252, and eighth in 1270. There may have been a 9th crusade, which may have occurred before the 3rd Crusade. The cause of these crusades is to attack the enemies of the church andRead MoreA Brief Examination of the Crusades706 Words   |  3 PagesA Brief Examination of the Crusades A Brief Examination of the Crusades The First Crusade took place from 1096 1099. The First Crusade was a great surprise to both the Christians and the Muslims, the two opposing parties of the Crusades. The victory of the First Crusade went to the Christians. The Crusades were a series of nine wars waged during the Middle Ages between Christians and Muslims. The wars were waged between the 11th and 13th centuries specifically. In 1071, the Muslim Turkish armiesRead MoreEffects Of The Crusades On Western Civilizations915 Words   |  4 PagesConsequences of the Crusades The crusades were a series of religious wars that though they took place centuries ago, they are still often discussed today. The crusades were a religious war between the Christian and Muslim states that lasted years. â€Å"The Byzantine Empire, which had thrived spread over the coastal areas of the Mediterranean†¦now found itself increasingly challenged by the navies and pirates of Isla. The contest between these two sides were to generate seeds of the first Crusade† (Paine 8-9)Read MoreEssay on The Crusades908 Words   |  4 PagesThe Crusades A major turning point in Medieval history were the Crusades. The Crusades were a series of wars fought between the Christian Europeans and the Muslim Turks, which occurred between the years of 1096 to 1272. In this Holy War the Christians goal was to obtain the Holy Land from the Turks, in which they did not succeed. Although the Christians did not meet their goal, many positives did come out of their attempt. Due to the reason that they did not meet their goal, yet numerous positivesRead More The Crusades Essay1479 Words   |  6 PagesThe Crusades The Crusades were Christian military expeditions undertaken between the 11th and the 14th century to recapture the Holy Land from the Muslims. â€Å"The word crusade, which is derived from the Latin crux (cross), is a reference to the biblical restriction that Christians carry their cross.†1 Crusaders wore a red cloth, cross sewn on their tunics to indicate that they had assumed the cross and were soldiers of Christ. What were the real causes of the crusades and how did all of it finally

The prohibition was a period of about 14 years in United...

The prohibition was a period of about 14 years in United States history in which the manufacture, sale, and transportation of liquor, or alcoholic beverage, was made illegal. This took place within the years 1920-1933. Throughout these times, the effects of the prohibition took a great turn on the United States. A large portion of America was upset with the new law and went to great extents to get alcohol illegally. The prohibition was a rough fourteen years for the government and citizens of The United States of America. The prohibition of liquor began when the use of alcoholic beverages rose after the American Revolution. In order to stop this many â€Å"societies† were organized to support the movement which attempted to convince people to†¦show more content†¦For the people who didn’t take advantage of the loopholes, there were many illegal ways for the citizens of the United States to get there hands on alcohol. Citizens relied on gangsters and mobsters to supply them with alcohol. Gangsters took this opportunity to make a profit off of such a large need in America. One of the more famous gangsters was named Al Capone. He was the mob boss in Chicago. Gangsters like Capone would hire me to smuggle in alcohol from different countries and bring it into America. Others would buy their alcohol in large quantities made in homemade stills. They would then open up secret bars known as speakeasies for people to come and drink and socialize with each other. During this period of tim e when crime rates shot up, Prohibition Agents were hired to raid speakeasies, find stills, and arrest gangsters. Despite their efforts, most of these agents were not qualified and were underpaid leading to a high rate of bribery. Just as quickly as organizations formed to prohibit alcohol, organizations began to form to repeal the 18th Amendment. When citizens realized that society was not being benefited in the ways that were promised, they quickly joined the fight to bring back their beloved liquor. The anti-prohibition movement gained more and more support as the 1920s progressed. The biggest argument was that the question of alcohol consumption was more of a local issue than a ConstitutionalShow MoreRelatedForbidden Love in The Great Gatsby1361 Words   |  6 Pagesdependence was becoming a problem and many started realizing that. Taking action to stop this was the hard part. Alcohol was corrupting the 1920s even though some did not recognize it. In the Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald displays the corruption during the 1902s through his main character, Jay Gatsby, and his illustration of prohibition. Prohibition was a long period of time in U.S. history that lasted nearly fourteen years. The manufacturing, transportation, and sale of liquor was made completelyRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Thecnology1720 Words   |  7 PagesProhibition in the United States, also known as The Noble Experiment, was the period from 1920 to 1933, during which the sale, manufacture, and transportation of alcohol for consumption were banned nationally[1] as mandated in the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Under substantial pressure from the temperance movement, the United States Senate proposed the Eighteenth Amendment on December 18, 1917. Having been approved by 36 states, the 18th Amendment was ratified on JanuaryRead MoreThe Volstead Act1770 Words   |  8 PagesDuring the 1920s and early 1930s the United States was seeing many different changes in its people and laws. One of the major happenings of the time was Prohibition. For the enforcement of Prohibition, the Volstead Act was passed. The Volstead Act was proposed by Andrew J. Volstead in 1919, passed with minor difficulties, and was to carry out the intent of the 18th amendment or Prohibition, which was greatly supported by temperance movement leaders (Harlow; Kizilos;) With the act, the sale of alcoholRead MoreProhibition and the Rise of Organized Crime4837 Words   |  20 PagesProhibition and the Rise of Organized Crime Peter H. Mitchell Neumann University Thesis: Although prohibitions goal was to increase a sense of integrity in the United States, it encouraged normally law-abiding citizens to break the law, enabled the growth and influence of organized crime, and increased levels of corruption in government and law-enforcement. Outline: I. Introduction      A. Definition of Prohibition   Ã‚   B. Eighteenth Amendment   Ã‚   C. Medicinal Use D. Sacramental Use II. AffectsRead MoreThe Effects of the War on Drugs Essay1222 Words   |  5 Pagesfollowed in states like California, and lawmakers are put in a position to decide between spending tax money on building more prisons, or amend regulations concerning non violent offenders. Or a better option would be to build more center for rehabilitation. According to Cbs new.com former surgeon general Dr. Joycelyn Elders marijuana should be legalized. She is angry over what she says is the high number of American youth now serving time for non violent marijuana-related offences. This was is inRead MorePro-Legalization of Drugs Essay examples1355 Words   |  6 Pagesfollowed in states like California, and lawmakers are put in a position to decide between spending tax money on building more prisons, or amend regulations concerning non violent offenders. Or a better option would be to build more center for rehabilitation. According to Cbs new.com former surgeon general Dr. Joycelyn Elders marijuana should be legalized. She is angry over what she says is the high number of American youth now serving time for non violent marijuana-related offences. This was is inRead MoreThe Start of Gangsterism/ Organized Crime because of Prohibition1984 Words   |  8 PagesProhibition, the greatest thing that has happened, was what most â€Å"dry† people thought. Yes, prohibition did stop a lot of people from consuming alcohol. Prohibition helped turn some â€Å"wets†, people who consumed alcohol, into â€Å"drys†, which were individuals that did not consume alcohol. Unfortunately, there was a huge downside to prohibition. Throughout the times of prohibition, the rate of gang activity that was involved in daily life rose dramatically due to the desire to obtain alcohol despite theRead MoreThe Legalization of Marijuana Essay2384 Words   |  10 PagesThe Legalization of Marijuana – A Co mpelling Case for a Misunderstood Plant Abstract The prohibition of marijuana has sparked heated debates for years about its effects on the human body, its medicinal properties, and its effect on society; just to name a few. Although many are against the legalization of marijuana, this paper will argue that the legalization of marijuana is warranted. It will prove this by weighing marijuana’s effects on the body when smoked against the effects on the bodyRead MoreU.s. Gun Legislation On The Rights Of A Free State1253 Words   |  6 PagesCourt s decision on the right to bear arms is the latest milestone in the long history of U.S. gun legislation. The following is a selected time-line.1791: The Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is ratified. The amendment reads: A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed. 1871: The National Rifle Association was formed by Union Army veterans Col. William C. Church and Gen. George W ingate.Read MoreMarijuana: Legalizing It!2425 Words   |  10 Pagesvilified in America over the past 70+ years. Despite its many practical uses, medicinal and industrial, our Federal government insists on maintaining the status quo that the growth, possession and use of marijuana is criminal despite the evidence that the legalization of marijuana would have a positive influence on America. In this paper I will discuss the history of marijuana, the industrial uses of hemp, the prohibition of marijuana, the economic impact prohibition has on America, the effects of marijuana

Our Iceberg Is Melting, By John Kotter - 1421 Words

â€Å"Once upon a time a colony of penguins was living in the frozen Antarctic on an iceberg near what we call today Cape Washington.† From the first sentence of John Kotter’s bestselling book, Our Iceberg Is Melting, it is difficult to tell that one is about to read a great fable about how to manage change in business as well as everyday life. ! The following summary will explain the key moments of the fable and how they relate to our lives. First, let’s introduce some of the more important penguins – the Leadership Council members. Louis, the head of the Leadership Council, could perhaps be considered the CEO of the penguin colony. Alice is a smart, aggressive member of the council, and is Fred’s loyal confidant. Buddy is a young penguin council member who may not be the brightest bulb in the box, but brings an element of trust among the council members. Fred is the most curious of all of the penguins; although he was an ‘unknown†™ penguin in the beginning, he ultimately plays a very important role in the change process. Jordan, also known as the â€Å"Professor,† was the brains of the council; he could perhaps be considered the ‘researcher’ of the group. Although the penguins start out simply as individuals, in the end, they are a well working team capable of effectively managing change. Fred, a quite curious penguin, studies the wonderful iceberg that the penguins consider home. He comes across a problem which suggests that their beloved iceberg may be in danger ofShow MoreRelatedSummary: Our Iceberg Is Melting by John Kotter2372 Words   |  10 PagesSummary: Our Iceberg is Melting Foreword by Spenser Johnson:  One the surface, the story of this book appears to be a fable that is relatively easy to grasp, but it does subtly impart an invaluable lesson on change. The book covers John Kotter’s Eight Steps to bring about successful organizational change and can be equally useful for a high-school student as it is for a CEO of a multi-national organization. Welcome Note by John Kotter:  People do not often understand the need for change. BusinessesRead MoreSummary: Our Iceberg Is Melting by John Kotter2387 Words   |  10 PagesSummary: Our Iceberg is Melting Foreword by Spenser Johnson:  One the surface, the story of this book appears to be a fable that is relatively easy to grasp, but it does subtly impart an invaluable lesson on change. The book covers John Kotter’s Eight Steps to bring about successful organizational change and can be equally useful for a high-school student as it is for a CEO of a multi-national organization. Welcome Note by John Kotter:  People do not often understand the need for change. BusinessesRead MoreOur Iceberg Is Melting By Holger Rathgeber And John Kotter1665 Words   |  7 Pages Our Iceberg is Melting by Holger Rathgeber and John Kotter tells a tale of a colony of penguins and their journey in planning, organizing, and changing their traditions for the safety of everyone and future generations. Five penguins by the name of Fred, Alice, Louis, Jordan, and Buddy, who have completely different personalities must work together as a team to find a solution to their disintegrating ice cap and overcome the obstacles that come along. As each penguin uses their skills and abilitiesRead MoreOur Iceberg Is Melting : Changing And Succeeding Under Any Conditions948 Words   |  4 Pages Challenges of Changes Monica M Stephenson Lamar University John Kotter, the author of the well known book â€Å"Our Iceberg is Melting: Changing and Succeeding under Any Conditions â€Å", taught for more than thirty years at Harvard Business School. Kotter could be considered an expert in the field of business with his many years of experience. After retiring from teaching, he then founded Kotter International and has spent his time assisting others in the area of implementing changes. HeRead MoreOur Iceberg Is Melting : Changing And Succeeding Under Any Conditions1634 Words   |  7 PagesAbout the Authors Our Iceberg Is Melting: Changing and Succeeding Under Any Conditions is a fable written by John Kotter and Holger Rathgeber. Dr. John Kotter was a professor at Harvard but is now retired. Known as the â€Å"world’s foremost leadership and change guru† (Kotter and Rathgeber, 2005, p. 147), Kotter is involved in many organizations that help others drive change and leadership. Kotter has written multiple successful books about utilizing change and leadership for self-growth. HolgerRead MoreJOHN KOTTER 8 STEPS1507 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿JOHN KOTTER 8 STEPS The above diagram is the 8steps of John Kotter towards change.This model is divided into three phase.The first phase is to create the climate for change.The first step is to create urgency, not all of the employees are open to change,for change to happen the company must develop a sense of urgency around the need for change.An honest and convincing dialouge about what is happening in the marketplace and with the competition may convince people and make them start talkingRead MoreUse Of Metaphor Intervention : A New Approach For Working With Systems Divided By Conflict And Caught Essay827 Words   |  4 PagesApplied Behavioral Science, 26: 219-239. Blanchard, Kenneth. 1981. The one minute manager. New York: Berkley. Bretts, J. A. 2008. A fable that powerfully conveys management ideas.Book review, Amazon.co.uk, http://www.amazon.co.uk/Our-Iceberg-Melting-Succeeding-Conditions/ Brown, John Seely, Stephen Denning, Larry S. Prusak and Katalina Groh. 2005. Storytelling in organizations: Why storytelling is transforming 21st century organizations and management. Oxford: Elsevier. Broussine, Mike, and Russ Vince.Read MoreBook Review: Our Iceberg Is Melting1015 Words   |  5 PagesOur Iceberg is Melting: Changing and Succeeding Under Any Conditions John Kotter and has produced a great book that contains a wealth of wisdom and insight. While it looks and reads like a simple book, it is anything but simple. The message which Kotter is able to make clear goes much deeper than the surface story of a colony of penguins in search of answers pertaining to their survival on an iceberg. He easily describes a scenario through a penguin colony that any person can relate to and thinkRead MoreOur Iceberg Is Melting : Changing And Succeeding Under Any Condition1544 Words   |  7 PagesIt is generally noted that Albert Einstein once said, â€Å"the measure of intelligence is the ability to change†. John Kotter embedded this mindset that continually adapting and evolving can lead to success within the novel Our Iceberg is Melting: Changing and Succeeding Under Any Condition. Kotter’s and Rathgeber structural organization allows change management to be introduced through a relatable fable highlighting the needed steps to pro perly manage a group dealing with change. Tone, approachRead MoreQuestions On Organizational Learning And Change2316 Words   |  10 PagesKotter’s Eight Step Process (Kotter, Rathberger 2005).. Dr. John Kotter has confirmed with his thirty years of research that 70% of all major change efforts in an organization are not accomplished because they often do not take the holistic approach that is vital to seeing the change through to fruition. Dr. Kotter’s 8-Step Process can help my organization (Gary Community School Corporation) avoid catastrophe and grow to be adept at change so that we can improve our chances of success, adapt continuously

Princess Diana Essay - 957 Words

The Queen of Our Hearts Throughout her life all eyes were always on Princess Diana. Millions came to identify with her and, when she died, they felt as though they have lost a best friend. Princess Di was known across the world as â€Å"The People’s Princess† and â€Å"The Queen of Our Hearts†. She was one of the most admired and relatable princesses to society. Through her charity and her life struggles, many people can admire and relate to Princess Diana. Princess Diana was involved in nearly 100 charities during her life. Through the vigorous fund raising and campaigning, Princess Diana has greatly affected the lives of the patients she has reached out to. Princess Diana shocked the British society when she decided to become a part of the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"She [Princess Diana] suffered from bulimia and depression but she found the strength to comfort people whom she said were ‘rejected by society’ (AIDS patients, battered women, drug addicts)† (ARTICLE). Princess Diana struggled with bulimia and depression throughout the last portion of her life. She attempted suicide more than once and had the whole world view her rocky marriage with her husband Charles. This took a major toll on the Princess. â€Å"She was one of the most celebrated women in the world, and yet achingly lonely. Movie stars and factory workers lined up to meet her, but she felt so unloved that she repeatedly tried to harm herself.† (ARTICLE). Princess Diana had been diagnosed with depression in 1991. She fought through bulimia in the public eye .(www.bpdcentral.com/nookboard/index.php?topic=15428.0). â€Å"After being projected to the world as a compelling image of victim hood, many women in unhappy marriages and outsiders of the social world began to identify with her.† (www.time.com/time/time100/heroes/profile/diana01.html). Diana became the celebrity everyone began to relate to. Since Princess Diana had problems, it made many people more open and less ashamed about their problems. Many people admired her strength and confidence to tell the world about her sufferings and many people began talking more about bulimia and depression because of her speech on bulimia in 1993 and her public confrontations about depression. â€Å"DianaShow MoreRelatedPrincess Diana 2268 Words   |  10 Pagesextravagant. The whole palace was made of the finest materials, it was beautiful. The roof was even made of gold. Despite the royal family’s golden exterior with love for one another and their children, I saw the real Prince and Princess of Wales. I often had time to talk to Prince ss Diana, although she preferred when I called her Di ( Tompson 1). While Diana’s life was cut too short, every minute that she was alive was exciting, the outfits, the press, and the charities. People could not get enough of herRead More Princess Diana Spencer1421 Words   |  6 PagesPrincess Diana Spencer As I relax on a Sunday evening, breathe in fresh air before I enter my chamber, I catch a glimpse of something magically beautiful. With a long silk blue dress and a pearl-diamond tiara on her golden hair, the Lady, the Princess, the beauty of the world walks down the steps to the cheering crowds. She gives hope to her people when there is none. Sitting here, I feel her warm smile full of love and joy. This is my Diana, the light of this world! Diana’s childhood was fullRead MorePrincess Diana Essay534 Words   |  3 PagesPrincess Diana Princess Diana, also known as Princess of Wales was born on July 1, 1961 at Park House near Sandringham, Norfolk. Her parents, who were married in 1954, were separated when Diana was 13 years old in 1967. Their marriage was dissolved 2 years later in 1969. Dianas mother later married Earl Spencer, who was the Countess of Dartmouth in 1976. Diana was living with her dad with her siblings Sarah, Jane, and Charles. She lived there until her grandfather, Earl Spencer the 7thRead More Princess Diana Essay1065 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout Princess Diana’s lifetime she loved, cared, and helped others along the way. She had many accomplishments in life. Such as her children and her many organizations. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Lady Diana Frances Spencer was born on July 1, 1961 at Park House, a residence on the royal estate at Sandringham. She was the third of four children and the youngest daughter. Diana was born to her father Edward John Spencer Viscount Althorp and mother Frances Roche Spencer (King 27). Diana sharedRead MoreEssay on Princess Diana1723 Words   |  7 Pagesyielding herself from the constant harassment and persistence. Princess Diana of Wales always knew how to make an entrance. Rich, poor, famous, and obscure gathered around for a glimpse of the famous Diana, hoping to see her beauty, hoping to see the elegance she carried, hoping for one single glance in their direction. Through all movies and documentaries exposed, the knowledge of Princess Diana has grown extensively to me. Princess Diana’s journey through the media begins with the accident thatRead MoreEssay Princess Diana1202 Words   |  5 Pages One year ago, the death of a princess brough t an entire world to tears. The wounds are slowly healing and the grief is less painful. What remains are the lessons that can be learned from a phenomenon that few can entirely forget. At the time it was a mystery. A divorced member of the royal family of a medium-sized European nation dies in a banal car accident in Paris, and for a week the sun, moon and stars are knocked off their appointed tracks. Within days, Europe suffers a shortage of cut flowersRead More Princess Diana Essay2975 Words   |  12 Pages Princess Diana was born The Honorable Diana Frances Spencer on July 1, 1961. She was the third female child to Viscount and Viscountess Althorp. Diana had two older sisters, Sarah and Jane and one younger brother, Charles. Her family was well off and Diana had a privileged childhood. The Spencer’s made their money as successful sheep traders in the 15th century. With their fortune they built Althorp House in Northamptonshire and acquired a family crest and motto – amp;quot;God defend the rightamp;quot;Read MorePrincess Diana Essay1384 Words   |  6 PagesPrincess Diana Diana Spencer was born July 1, 1961. This date was the start of one of the most remarkable individuals in the world . She was once quoted as saying, One minute I was a nobody the next minute I was Princess of Wales, mother ,member of the royal family and it was too much for one person to handle (Morton story,104). The Princess of Wales struggled throughout her life due to bulimia, an unhappy marriage, and the media. Dianas astrologer, Felix Lyle, quotedRead MorePrincess Diana Essay example1691 Words   |  7 Pagesthe world. Princess Diana influenced millions of people from all over the world, and her legacy will remain forever. Lady Diana Frances Spencer was born at home on July 1, 1961, in Norfolk, England (Morton 70). Her parents were very ashamed that she was a girl. They wanted a boy very badly to keep the Spencer name (Morton 71). Diana had two older sisters and one younger brother. She was always the closest to her brother, Charles, and admired him strongly (Vickers 160). As a child, Diana was somewhatRead MorePrincess Diana - Lady Di Essay1745 Words   |  7 Pagesof flashing lights. Diana Spencer got out of her vehicle to go to one of her many charity organizations. Everyday Lady Spencer had to deal with the public. Lady Diana Francis Spencer led a privileged background. She was born on July 1, 1961. She was supposed to be a boy. But boy were her parents in for a surprise. Diana grew up at Park House in Norfolk. In 1967, When Diana was six, her parents separated. Eventually they were divorced and both of them went on to marry again. Diana and the other children

Supply Chain Management and its Importance

Question: Critically discuss how a company can sustain a long-term supply chain strategy that is well-aligned with its products and markets, especially in an increasingly complex global environment. Answer: Introduction Supply Chain Strategy is become important part in the operation of the company. It is known that if supply chain is not aligned then it directly impacts the productivity and efficiency of the business and also increase pressure on the company to sustain their market positioning. Therefore, it is important for the businesses to supply the product and services to the customers in due time and also arranging the products from suppliers in the business to meet the expected demand of the customers (Benton and McHenry, 2010). The current report will be highlighting on the effectiveness of supply chain strategy which will help in analyzing the characteristics of demand and supply. On the other hand, the study will be focusing on how company can make best utilization of supply chain strategy in order to survive in the competitive market. Apart from that, various kinds of generic supply chain strategies will be discussed as well along with examples. Moreover, the literature review will be und ertaken to have deeper understanding of the title. 2.0: Supply Chain Management and its Importance: Most of the companies in the global market use the supply chain management while controlling their business. The supply chain management helps the management of the company to find influential and commanding resources in the competitive market. The supply chain management encompasses all the activities which helps the management of the company to introduce and launch the products in the global competitive market and tries to satisfy their customers by fulfilling their requirements. The supply management is very essential in each and every organization because it helps the management of the organization to have a proper foundation for the organization and infrastructures for the organization (Bowersox, 2013). This will help the management of the institution to attract more consumers towards the organization by providing good quality products to their customers. The supply chain management depicts the management of the company by manufacturing the products, operations of the company while manufacturing the product, purchasing the resources of the products and in the transportation process of the product. Mainly it helps the management of the company in the distribution process and in the selling procedures of the product. The main objectives of the supply chain management cover a wide range in the organization (Cordon, et al, 2012). The supply chain management helps the organization in the incoming and outgoing activities of transporting and warehousing process and mainly controlling the inventory process. Another parts of the supply chain management is predicting, planning for the production and scheduling for the products (Drake, 2012). The main services provides by the supply chain management is in ordering process and providing best services to their customers while trading their products in the global competitive market. Mainly, the mai n functions of the supply chain management tracks all the records of the activities performed by the management of the company in the information system to keep the record for the future purposes. 2.1: Importance of Supply Chain Management: The main importance of the supply chain management is to track the record in the ordering process and providing best services to their customers while trading their products in the global competitive market (Lysons and Farrington, 2012). The supply chain management tracks all the records of the activities performed by the management of the company in the information system to keep the record for the future purposes. The supply chain management plays an important role in the operational functions of the organization. It helps the management of the organization in the manufacturing process of the product, purchasing the resources of the products and in the transportation process of the product (Myerson, 2012). It also helps the managers in the warehouse of the organization to improve the transportation quality of the organization. This transportation quality services will help the management of the organization to attract more customers towards the organization and will give more chances to reach the objectives of the company set by the management of the organization by earning more profit margins from the global competitive market. 3.0 Strategies of Supply Chain Management 1500 3.1 Resource-based view It is an approach in the supply chain management, which considers that the resources are the main component required by a firm for getting a superior performance (Benton, and McHenry, 2010). For this, it is crucial that the resource should contain certain attributes, which include VRIO for long term sustaining in the market and getting an edge over the competitors. The model has many components, which are the tangible assets and the intangible as well, these two should be both heterogeneous and immobile and having the VRIO attributes would categorize the components as the VRIO resources, which would in term give competitive advantage to the organization (Burritt, 2011). Tangible assets are those, which are the physical things and can be held. The land, machineries, capitals, and various equipments are the tangible assets whereas the intangible assets are the one, which does not have any physical presence. The trade marking, the reputation of any brand, are considered as the intangibl e assets of a company. The model has assumptions that the resources should be heterogeneous as well as immobile in nature. Heterogeneous means that the set of skills, and abilities should differ from one organization to another. This is essential, as in case of same capabilities all the companies would employ the same kind of strategies, eventually leading to the absence of any competitiveness among them or any advantages over one another. In short, run resources are static in one company and do not move from one firm to another. Resources that are intangible like the property, brand name are generally not mobile in nature (Christopher, 2011). The model emphasis on the fact that it is more of a sensible approach to take advantage of the opportunities available externally with proper utilization of resources in an innovative manner instead of developing a new set of skill for individual opportunity. Figure 1: Resource based view (Source: Drake, 2012) 3.2 Knowledge based Theory It was observed by Goetschalckx (2011), that the efficiency of the production can be increased not the utilization of better heterogeneous resources but in knowing that which resource will give more productive outcome. The theory believes that a company is an entity, which is responsible for the generation, integration and the distribution of the knowledge. The value creation by a firm is not completely dependent only on the resources, or the tangible and the intangible resources. This theory completely did not support the resource-based view. It says that a company can get a competitive advantage by developing more and more knowledge-based assets instead of just being based on the resources (Ivanov and Sokolov, 2010). These assets will help in creation of more core competent dimensions. The fundamental concept of the theory is that for a process of production the essential input and the very prime source of value is the knowledge. This concept has been helpful in analyzing the abili ties have brought the social, organizational level and also the human resources in the same level to that of technical resources. However as per Kildow (2011), there is a nature which is dual in the knowledge based concept which is capable of altering the prior resources that were beneficial. Therefore, it can become a liability on the long run instead of staying as a capability. This theory has three main functions, which are namely the creating of the knowledge, accumulating and then sharing it. So it can be said that the approach integrates the organizational level knowledge and the related routines in accordance to the competitiveness in the business environment. 3.3: Strategic Choice Theory: One of the strategies of supply chain management is strategic choice theory which helps the management of the organization to reach the objectives of the company set by the management of the organization. The concepts of strategic choice theory mean that in the global competitive market, any bigger organization can give a threat to a smaller organization about their operation systems in their business. To restrict the threat given by the larger size organization, the smaller size organization takes some strategies to sustain in the global competitive market. The strategies taken by the smaller size organization to sustain in the global competitive market is known as strategic choice theory (Olson, 2012). The management of the smaller size organization choose some strategies to compete against the larger size organization is known as the strategic choice adapted by the management of the smaller size organization. The theory of strategic choice helps the management of the organization to trend the future market conditions of the organization. It describes the relationships between the newly launched products from the organization against the market trends about the product launched by the organization. It explains the hypothesis of various relationships between the product and the market trend about various products in the global competitive market. The main function of the strategic choice theory is to avoid the threats given by the larger size organization to the smaller size organization and it also helps the management of the smaller size organization to attain the objectives of the company set by the management of the organization (Sodhi and Tang, 2012). The main functions of the organization to use strategic choice theory is to avoid the threats given by the larger size organization to the smaller size organization and it also helps the management of the smaller size organization to atta in the objectives of the company set by the management of the organization (Chopra and Meindl, 2013). 4: Generic Supply Chain Strategies Generic Supply Chain Strategy is undertaken by the companies to ensure sustainability in their supply chain operation. Therefore, it helps in supply of products and services to end users in definite time. According to Bowersox, Closs and Cooper (2010), there are two types of generic supply chain strategies such as Lean Strategies and Agile Strategies. Lean Strategies: This strategy is adopted by the firms in order to enhance their value by removing the level of wastage from their operation. It is known that lean supply chain is majorly involved in reducing cost by controlling waste. For instance, Wal-Mart has gain large benefit from lean supply chain strategy. It helped in decreasing their operations cost by engaging them into supply chain innovations. Moreover, the company has incorporated policy store-based inventory via lean principle which helped in managing their supply lead time. Apart from that, transportation optimization and inventory optimization process are being used by Wal-Mart for reducing their lean (cost) (Burritt, 2011). As a result of that, company is successful in meeting the demand of the customers and providing quality products to them. On the other hand, Burt et al. (2010) mentioned that prime function of lean supply chain can be attained by employing common type of data communication on stock/inventories, delivery plans, capacities and acknowledging changes in JIT framework. Therefore, it would help the company in taking order and delivering the product in promised time. It has been that many industries are involved in delivering value by lean supply chains to their customers and engaging in low cost of production and attaining logistics by ensuring economies of scale (Christopher, 2011). Therefore, lean supply chain would be effective in streamlining the process of business and ensuring better value to the customers by removing the non-value added elements and wastage. Agile Strategies: Drake (2012) discussed agility as a comprehensive response in relation to business challenges to generate profit from the continuous changing market conditions. On the other hand, it can be mentioned that agilitys main purpose relies on corporate structure, competition, business practice, strategic response, cooperation among businesses, adaptability, etc. The agile supply chain helps in aligning the operation and network of the business or organizations in order to meet the requirements of the consumers. Apart from that, Goetschalckx (2011) stated that management of the company focuses on market knowledge to capitulate on the available opportunities for strongly surviving in the volatile marketplace. Therefore, agile supply chain involves four factors such as market sensitive, virtual, process integration and network based. On the contrary, Hugos (2011) pointed that agile majorly concentrates on customer satisfaction and gives instantaneous response in context to l ogistics planning. The market qualifiers in context to agile supply are those companies that focus initially on quality, cost and lead time. Therefore, it helps in maximizing effectiveness of the business. Zara is one of the best examples that adopt agile supply chain strategies. Zara is an apparel company that deals in fashionable cloths. Due to agile supply chain the company is able to reach out to foreign target market and has strongly positioned itself in international market. Apart from that, Ivanov and Sokolov (2010) mentioned that agile supply chain helps in forecasting that assist in decreasing the need for meeting the crises of last minute. Moreover, in order to uphold agile network, the companies may need to adopt better standardized and structured approach in the selection and approval of new suppliers in relation to the markets that is witnessing temporary volatility. On the other hand, the companies may need to invest in the growth of the supplier ecosystem for better result. For instance, Nestle, IKEA and Diageo are strongly engaged in developing agile suppliers (Waters, 2010). Sustaining a Long Term Supply Chain Strategy Effective supply chain strategy helps in gaining the competitive advantage and sustaining the customer base for longer period of time. The supply chain supports the industry in focusing on the requirements of the customers and ensuring the growth of the business. On the other hand, the companies in order to sustain their supply chain, the companies have to focus on their level of cost incurred by them in the production or manufacture of the product. Apart from that, the companies have to also acknowledge the cost that is involved in the distribution of goods or services either through online or through offline (Jacobs et al. 2009). As a result of that, the company would be successful in ensuring quality service to consumers and also firms would be able to increase the customer base. Apart from that, the companies need to assess their efficiency in controlling and managing their level of wastage. Therefore, the company needs to develop effective plan so that chances of error can be minimized. As an outcome of that, the company would be able to ensure quality product and services to the customers (Kildow, 2011). Moreover, the company can be able to manage their lead time and time between order and delivery can be effectively managed. For instance, Tesco and J Sainsburys have significant success by controlling the wastage and lead time. As a result of that Tesco has become number one and Sainsbury as number two in UKs supermarket. On the other hand, the company has to check their level of output that whether it is under production or over production. Therefore, the company needs to ensure that production is done at definite level in order to eliminate the fear of product wastage or meeting the demand of customers (Scott, Lundgren and Thompson, 2011). Apart from tha t, in order to gain long term benefit from supply chain, companies build strong relationship with their suppliers so that required amount of product can be arranged in the stores for meeting the demand of the clients of customers. 5.0 Conclusion and Recommendations The study gives a clear view about the supply chain management aspects and the theories, which explain the concept further. The present supply chain operation in organizations is volatile, uncertain in nature and complex as well. This is due to the macroeconomic changes in the environment. However, with the change in the global business environment it is becoming crucial for organization to implement long-term beneficial supply chain strategies for attaining competitive advantage on the competitors (Scott et al. 2012). The study discusses the generic strategies and theories, which elaborates the concepts of sustainable supply chain. Based on the above discussion there are certain recommendations that can be made from the organizational perspective: Optimization of the cost along with more planned and customized structures of the supply chain management of organizations. The supply chain management should be more flexible in accordance to the global business environment. This will give a long-term competitive advantage to the firm. Improvement in the predictions and the visibility in the operational section by reduction of the uncertain factors with utilization of analytical tools will enable the dynamic analysis, visualization and better prediction for better risk management for future. Integrating logistical processes with the suppliers is also essential and it is something that is irrespective of the size of the organization, this will facilitate the communication and the synergy between business and its respective suppliers Another way of improved supply chain management is reducing the overheads by harnessing the variable cost delivery models. It demands the elimination of the investments in the infrastructure for increasing the internal efficiency of the operations. Real time reporting at dashboard for taking pulse of the supply chain Supply chain management can also be enhanced by the incorporation of the approach that is science based. This adopts a stimulation, which is dynamic, and also increases the cost effectiveness of operations. Employing system that will be cloud based will offer more cost affectivity and operations that are more efficient as well. Implementation of an ERP application, which fits within the system that already exists and fore mostly it is crucial to provide supply chain management training for the internal employees who are responsible for carrying out the operations. Reference List: Bowersox, D. (2013). Supply chain logistics management. New York: McGraw-Hill. Chopra, S. and Meindl, P. (2013). Supply chain management. Boston: Pearson. Cordon, C., Hald, K. and Seifert, R. (2012). Strategic supply chain management. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Drake, M. (2012). Global supply chain management. [New York, N.Y.] (222 East 46th Street, New York, NY 10017): Business Expert Press. Lysons, K. and Farrington, B. (2012). Purchasing and supply chain management. Harlow, Essex: Pearson Financial Times. Myerson, P. (2012). Lean supply chain and logistics management. New York: McGraw-Hill. Olson, D. (2012). Supply chain risk management. [New York, N.Y.] (222 East 46th Street, New York, NY 10017): Business Expert Press. Sodhi, M. and Tang, C. (2012). Managing supply chain risk. New York: Springer. Benton, W. and McHenry, L. (2010). Construction purchasing supply chain management. New York: McGraw-Hill. Bowersox, D., Closs, D. and Cooper, M. (2010). Supply chain logistics management. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Burritt, R. (2011). Environmental management accounting and supply chain management. Dordrecht: Springer. Burt, D., Petcavage, S., Pinkerton, R. and Burt, D. (2010). Supply management. Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Christopher, M. (2011). Logistics supply chain management. Harlow, England: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Drake, M. (2012). Global supply chain management. [New York, N.Y.] (222 East 46th Street, New York, NY 10017): Business Expert Press. Frazelle, E. (2002). Supply chain strategy. New York: McGraw-Hill. Goetschalckx, M. (2011). Supply chain engineering. New York: Springer. Hugos, M. (2011). Essentials of supply chain management. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Ivanov, D. and Sokolov, B. (2010). Adaptive supply chain management. London: Springer. Jacobs, F., Chase, R., Aquilano, N. and Chase, R. (2009). Operations and supply management. Boston: McGraw-Hill. Kildow, B. (2011). A supply chain management guide to business continuity. New York: American Management Association. Scott, C., Lundgren, H. and Thompson, P. (2011). Guide to supply chain management. Berlin: Springer. Waters, C. (2010). Global logistics. London: Kogan Page.

Sources of Finance For Alumasc Group Limited Company

Question: Discuss about theSources of Finance For Alumasc Group Limited Company. Answer: Introduction This paper uses Alumasc Group Limited Company as a case study to examine and assess the various risk associated with different sources of funding the firm can use to expand its operation. The paper will take an extensive analysis of both debt and equity finance available for the Company to meet its objective. I will analyze all the possible sources of finance and how the companies can obtain the right source of funding for its various types of businesses. Company Overview Alumasc Group Limited Company is based in London in the United Kingdom and deals in the supply of building and engineering products. This firm is listed on the FTSE Fledging Index of the London Stock Exchange. The listing is anchored on the ticket ALU in the in the sector of material and construction. It specifically majors in the sustainable building products which with the aim of managing the use of energy and water. The company was initially the biggest barrel manufacturer in Britain (Botha 2012). It manufactured aluminum products one of which was the cast metal beer casks in the 1950s. The company was taken over by Gold Fields Group in 1960. The firm altered its category from Engineering products to constructions as well as building materials in 2006. In 2007, Alumasc acquired solar shading firm called Levolux. Rationale for Seeking Funding Any business organization, with the desire of expansion regarding production, distribution, market capture, revenue, raw materials, employees and profit maximization, requires additional funds to adequately satisfy its desires. Two major sources of financing a business include debt funding and equity financing. As the Business Development Manager of Alumasc Group Limited Company, I at this moment gives a brief description of the company and finally look at the two principal sources of finance with the aim of providing the best pick for my business at the end of this study (Vera and Onji 2010). Finance Sources Debt Financing This refers to the actual borrowing of funds from lending institutions at a particular set interest rate. The possible places for borrowing money include friends and family, lending institutions like the banks and credit unions, small business administration loans, home and equity loans. Other lending institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF) alongside the World Bank. The money lenders have an obligation to establish the exact business operations and the risks associated with the given projects. They have to see a clearly drafted business plan and also be shown some form of security that can be helpful in case the business institution faces a financial difficulty in its operations along the way after the loans have been issued. Banks go to the extent of providing overdrafts where a borrower is allowed to withdraw more money than the current sum in their account. However, there is a maximum fixed limit of withdrawal, and the interest rate is charged on the overdraft daily. There are, however, several factors that businesses have to take into consideration before opting for this source of financing. They have to establish the exact importance of their business to retain full control and have complete freedom to run its operations. They also have to know exactly the amount of money they will owe lenders in monthly payment terms. A lot of emphases has to be put on their ability and comfort in making regular monthly submissions as part of the payment plans. They have to countercheck their credit histories to determine their qualification for the debt financing. Lastly, they have to check not only if they own the necessary collateral required, but also if they are comfortable using them in the contract. Advantages of Debt Finance Alumasc Group Limited Company The benefits associated with this type of financing are basically that the business is allowed a certain degree of freedom from its lenders during its operations. Business is free to use the borrowed funds in its way and in whatever business venture it so desires. The lender does not have any say whatsoever in how the loan is utilized by the firm. In addition to that, the bank is not entitled to the outcome of the business operations that is, the revenues and the profits realized by the firm at the end of its project. Disadvantages Debt Financing to Alumasc Group Limited Company The notable disadvantages about debt financing are that the payment may sometimes prove stressful to the small expanding business or even the companies that are starting from scratch meaning the loans serve as their starting capital. Business is required to have an excellent credit rating to receive meaningful debt financing. It is also a factor to keep in mind that one could put some of their assets at potential risk. Equity Financing This refers to the amount of money paid in cash for firms either by the personal money of a proprietor or the money obtained from the contributions of the investors. The investors put money into business with the aim of sharing in the profits should the value of company stock appreciate shortly. Equity as an investment plan deals with the issuance of stock in the organization proportion to the investment amount. It, therefore, implies that individuals with majority shares enjoys a larger portion of the cake as far as control is concerned. The sources of equity financing are friends and relatives, a group of local business owners, private investors, employees, capital venture institutions, banking investment companies, insurers, small business corporations of investments as well as the large corporations. Venture capital firms deal in rapidly growing, new technology companies. Both private stock placement and public offering of share methods are used by organizations to obtain equity financing. The former is less complicated and easily accessible to the small companies or businesses that are starting from scratch. It entails amenableness with both state and federal security legislations but not need any formalized registration with the Commission of Securities and Exchange. Public stock offering comprises of a long and expensive registration formality process. The costs associated here can even amount to twenty percent the value of the raised capital. Companies with interest in financing their expansion through equity framework are required to have formal business plans including full projections of finance. Cautious planning is an indicator to prospective investors of competence of company to overcome competition (Lee, Sameen and Cowling 2015). The combination of both sources is helpful in scattering the risks of the firm thereby ensuring adequate alternatives for future funding desires. Advantages of Equity Financing to Alumasc Group Limited Company The primary merit of equity financing is that the owner need not repay. Loans from and other debt financing forms, in contrast, immediately influence the cash flow. They also have huge consequences except when terms of repayments are met. One has more time to grow their business before having to worry about how they will eventually pay for it all (Raniszewski 2008). Disadvantages of Equity Financing to Alumasc Group Limited Company The main issue here is that of control. If the investors develop a conflicting opinion regarding the strategic direction of the firm daily firm operations, such divergent opinions have serious glitches to the owners (Ruubel and Hazak 2011). On top of that, certain equity sales like restricted initial public offers, may be complicated as well as affluent hence consuming a lot time which requires the f expert lawyers as well as accountants assistance. Assessing the Risk Associated with Each Sources Equity financing is convenient for the firms in the technology or innovation industries with high risks ventures that offer a big return on investment (Woods et al. 2013). They are the highly volatile companies that belong to deeply cyclical industries that do not have a steady cash flow to make regular loan payments. Both equity and debt financing remain central ways for companies to get capital to fund various operations. Choosing either source depends on the lasting goals and the amount of control that the owners wants to uphold. It is upheld by the experts that firms need to use both sources of financing in an acceptable ratio commercially known as the debt to equity ratio. The acceptable principle states that the rate should be considered reasonable between 1:1 and 1:2. Huge debts trigger insolvency whereas considerable amount of equity dilutes prevailing stockholders and damage earnings (Abdulsaleh and Worthington 2013). Therefore, the key is to balance between the two sources of funding. Recommendation of Sources of Financing for Alumasc Group Limited Company It is concluded that the most prudent action to take is to obtain the necessary capital from diverse sources. The firm should use both sources, and indulge the services of other professionals to help make effective decisions about financing that may arise in the course of operations. As the Business Development Manager of Alumasc Group Public Limited Company, I, therefore, give my final verdict on the financing issue, that the company should use various sources of funding that apply to equity and debt financing in its quest to raise additional funds for significant expansion and development (Vera and Onji 2010). References Abdulsaleh, A.M. and Worthington, A.C., 2013. Small and medium-sized enterprises financing: A review of literature. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(14), p.36. Botha, R.J., 2012. The role of the school principal in the South African school governing body: A case study of various members perceptions. Journal for Social Science, 30(3), pp.263-271. Fitzgerald, S. and Drake, J., 2013. Responsibility for financial management in primary schools Evidence from an English local authority. Management in Education, 27(3), pp.96-105. Lee, N., Sameen, H. and Cowling, M., 2015. Access to finance for innovative SMEs since the financial crisis. Research policy, 44(2), pp.370-380. Malloy, M.P., 2004. International Project Finance: Risk Analysis and Regulatory Concerns. Transnat'l Law., 18, p.89. Mazzucato, M., 2013. Financing innovation: creative destruction vs. destructive creation. Industrial and Corporate Change, p.dtt025. Mina, A., Lahr, H. and Hughes, A., 2013. The demand and supply of external finance for innovative firms. Industrial and Corporate Change, 22(4), pp.869-901. Naidoo, B., 2010. Financial management in selected primary schools in Gauteng. Nguyen, K.M., 2011. Financial management and profitability of small and medium enterprises. Theses, p.32. Ruubel, R. and Hazak, A., 2011. Is There a Relationship between Company Profitability and Salary Level? A Pan-European Empirical Study. In International Conference on Innovation, Management and Service (Vol. 14, p. 2011). Vera, D. and Onji, K., 2010. Changes in the banking system and small business lending. Small Business Economics, 34(3), pp.293-308. Wang, J., Lee, Y.N., Daum, P.H., Jayne, J. and Alexander, M.L., 2012. Effects of aerosol organics on cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) concentration and first indirect aerosol effect. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 8(21), pp.6325-6339. Woods, C., Armstrong, P., Bragg, J. and Pearson, D., 2013. Perfect Partners or Uneasy Bedfellows? Competing understandings of the place of business management within contemporary education partnerships. Educational Management Administration Leadership, p.1741143213494185.